*The drug prescribed will depend on the individual, the cholesterol level, other problems, and the doctor’s preferences. Nicotinic acid derivatives Nicotinic acid (niacin) has proven cholesterol-lowering effects when given in daily doses exceeding 1 gram. However, such doses cause flushing and rashes. Treatment with nicotinic acid should be supervised by a doctor, who can advise [...]
Synopsis of Important Principles Critical illnesses are often associated with circulatory, respiratory, hepatic and/or renal dysfunction that may alter the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of drugs. Decisions about routes of administration and doses of drugs used during medical emergencies must consider the physiological status of the patient, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of the particular drug, [...]
General Anaesthetic Agents The mechanism by which anaesthetic drugs produce unconsciousness is still unknown. Meyer in 1899 and Overton in 1901 noted that within any group of drugs, anaesthetic potency correlates well with lipid solubility, and most modern theories agree that the site of action is probably the lipid bilayer of nerve cell membranes, or [...]
Synopsis of Important Principles The main aim of anaesthesia is the prevention of pain during surgery and at other times. Anaesthesia involves a balanced approach, in which the individual patient’s psyche and pathophysiology are taken into account and drugs are used to modify and control any aspect as required. The decision to use a particular [...]








